How Electronic ink works?

Used increasingly in digital products, how does this technology work?

Electronic ink (or electrophoretic ink) consists of millions of microcapsules. Each one contains positively charged white particles and negatively charged black particles, all suspended within a clear ﬂuid. When these microcapsules are subjected to a positive or negative electric ﬁeld, the corresponding particles rise to the top, becoming visible to the eye and colouring that microcapsule.

eBook reader displays coat electronic ink onto a sheet of plastic ﬁlm, which in turn is laminated to a layer of circuitry. This circuitry forms a pattern of pixels that can be controlled by the display’s software driver, allowing images and text to be displayed in the form of a traditional page of physical paper.

Electronic ink displays differ from LCDs by utilising ambient light to illuminate pixels, with the rays merely reﬂecting off their surface. This means they have very low power demand, as the only energy needed is that necessary to refresh the pixel pattern each time the display changes. Also, glare from natural light enhances the display’s vividness.

Comments

How Energy conversion from coal is done?

Single generator sets of over 600 MW are now used in the UK, though there are many smaller generators in use. A 600 MW generator can supplythe average needs of over 1 million UK households. Three or four such generators are typically installed in a single large coal-fired station which isoften sited close to a coal mine, away from the city dwellers who consume the electricity. Such generators are usually driven by a compound arrangement of highpressure, intermediate-pressure and low-pressure turbines, increasing in size as the pressure decreases. Modern turbines rotate in a speed range from 1500 to 3500 r.p.m., usually 3000 r.p.m. for the UK’s 50 Hz system. For large coal-fired plant the steam pressure could be 25 megapascals (MPa) with steam temperatures of 500–600 °C to improve the thermodynamic efficiency. In nuclear reactors, which operate under less demanding conditions, the steam is superheated to about 5 MPa and 300 °C. Modern water tube boilers are complex and have ...

How ASPs works?

The Web and the Internet began to really heat up and receive significant media exposure starting around 1994. Initially, the Web started as a great way for academics and researchers to distribute information; but as millions of consumers flocked to the Internet, it began to spawn completely new business models. Three good examples of innovative models include: • Amazon - Amazon (which opened its doors in July, 1995) houses a database of millions of products that anyone can browse at any time. It would have been impossible to compile a list this large in any medium other than the Web. • Ebay - Online auctions make it easy and inexpensive for millions of people to buy and sell any imaginable item. It would be impossible to do this at a reasonable cost or in a timely manner with any medium other than the Web. • Epinions - Thousands of people contribute to a shared library of product reviews. One of the Web's greatest strengths is its worldwide view a...

All about Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering)(EI)

Vision : To be globally recognized as a seat of learning and innovation in Electronics for application to Communication, Transportation, Defence, Industry, Health Care, Entertainment, and many other consumer products. Mission : 1). To produce quality engineers in the field of Electronics and related domains. 2) To conduct research and develop products in the fields of Chip design, Communication Systems, Electronics Instrumentation, Signal Processing and other related areas with strong emphasis on critical state of the art applications. 3) To grow in the area of Design and Manufacturing of chips, boards and systems. Program Educational Objectives : I. To provide students a successful career in industry that meets the needs of national and multinational companies. II. To develop the ability among students to synthesize data and technical concepts for application to electronic product design and to solve real...

Knowledge N Fact4u

Search This Blog