Skip to main content

What is the best way to set up the information to be transmitted to give the maximum information transfer across a given channel?

This is of interest in many applications; an example is sending a large document by email. The document may be several hundred kilobytes in size and to send it by email over a telephone line using a modem operating at 28.8 kbps may take a considerable time. If the data are compressed, the file can in certain cases be reduced in size by a factor of over 10, which would reduce the time taken to transmit the file, thus improving the convenience and minimizing cost. If the source information contains redundant information, data compression can shorten the message by removing redundancy. An example would be sending a text file over a communications link where the source device removes redundant characters before transmission. If the file contains sequences that are repeated, such as several space characters in a row, then instead of transmitting each of them the number of spaces could be transmitted. At the receiver the reverse process would allow the original document to be recovered. This process can be done with any character and can be used on simple binary data. This is termed run length encoding and is widely used in a variety of applications including fax machines. Try sending a fax of plain paper and compare the time taken with that taken for a page of typed notes.


 More powerful algorithms are available but they all work by identifying redundancy and removing it. Note that the information content of the message is not altered and these techniques are termed compaction. Data compression may lose some information, which is acceptable in certain situations such as digital TV. The term data compression is used both for those processes that may lose information and for those that do not (i.e. compaction). Another example of coding source information is the Morse code.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Hyper Automation (New Technology)

Automation is nothing but an amalgamation of two super technologies of this error RPC and machine learning understanding the automation mechanisms and how it is controlled and coordinated using machine learning MBA main Circus of the screen in the year 2020 automation is employed to have a major macroeconomic implication on the market hence top companies need to give up for this convergence in demographic shapes for now company Wipro and Infosys are experimenting with this technology but other companies are not very far behind..

How ASPs works?

The Web and the Internet began to really heat up and receive significant media exposure starting around 1994. Initially, the Web started as a great way for academics and researchers to distribute information; but as millions of consumers flocked to the Internet, it began to spawn completely new business models. Three good examples of innovative models include:   • Amazon - Amazon (which opened its doors in July, 1995) houses a database of millions of products that anyone can browse at any time. It would have been impossible to compile a list this large in any medium other than the Web.   • Ebay - Online auctions make it easy and inexpensive for millions of people to buy and sell any imaginable item. It would be impossible to do this at a reasonable cost or in a timely manner with any medium other than the Web.   • Epinions - Thousands of people contribute to a shared library of product reviews. One of the Web's greatest strengths is its worldwide view a...

WHY DO WE SLEEP AND DREAM?

•We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping.  •Why do we invest so much time in sleep?  •The most straight forward answer is that, sleep is restorative, and it replenishes the body's energy stores.  •However, intense neural activity during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the stage in which most dreams occur, suggests there may be more to the story.  •One theory, which by far has the largest body of evidence, is that sleep plays a critical role in learning and consolidating memories.  •It is probably why infants and toddlers need up to 14 hours of sleep a day, with half of it spent in REM sleep.  •In adults, dreams may also play a role in brain plasticity and learning, which is why sleep-deprived adults perform worse in memory tests and tasks.